AIDS: HIV-1 Vaccine Update

  • Estimated Time: 120 minutes
  • Credits: 2.0 CEU
  • Passing Score: 80%

Course Overview

Since the discovery of HIV-1, Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has transformed the disease from a fatal diagnosis to a manageable chronic condition. However, a safe and effective preventive vaccine remains the elusive "holy grail" needed to end the global epidemic. This course provides a comprehensive update on the current state of HIV-1 vaccine research, examining why traditional vaccine strategies have failed and highlighting the innovative approaches currently in clinical trials. Participants will explore the complex biology of the HIV envelope trimer and the groundbreaking work on broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). The curriculum covers the latest advancements in germline targeting, mRNA vaccine platforms adapted from COVID-19 success, and the results of major Phase 3 trials like HVTN 702 and the Mosaic study. Understanding these mechanisms provides insight into the future of immunology and viral eradication. Beyond the science of vaccinology, this course reinforces the vital role of the dental team in the holistic care of patients living with HIV. We will review current best practices for oral health management, the oral-systemic link in HIV infection, and the dentist's role in recognizing oral manifestations that may signal treatment failure or undiagnosed infection. This knowledge equips practitioners to provide compassionate, evidence-based care while staying informed on the horizon of prevention.

Learning Objectives

After completing this course, participants will be able to:

  • Explain the biological challenges that have historically hindered HIV-1 vaccine development, including viral mutation rates and immune evasion.
  • Define “broadly neutralizing antibodies” (bnAbs) and their significance in modern vaccine design strategies.
  • Summarize the findings and limitations of recent major vaccine efficacy trials (e.g., Uhambo, Mosaico).
  • Describe the application of mRNA technology in the development of next-generation HIV immunogens.
  • Differentiate between sterilization immunity and functional cure in the context of HIV research.
  • Recognize common oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS and their clinical management in the dental setting.
  • Discuss the current role of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) as a biomedical prevention strategy alongside vaccine research.
  • Implement up-to-date infection control and post-exposure protocols specific to dental practice.

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